BT下载为什么那么多丢弃数据
BT下载为什么那么多丢弃数据What is “rubbish data” and why am I downloading so much of it?
Rubbish data or garbage data, is a term used to describe, in the BitTorrent scene, downloaded pieces which failed to pass the hash-check and consequently are discarded. They are regarded as garbage since they are of no use to the downloading client and only waste bandwidth and time.
Possible causes
Rubbish data is basically caused by peers sending bad packets to the swarm. Whether intentionally or unintentionally, that can't be easily determined. It could either be caused by peers having bad connections, by a bad/unreliable/congested segment of network in the path between the other peer and you, as well as a variety of other things or by anti-piracy organizations which mingle into the torrent swarms using modified clients and release bad data intentionally, so as to hinder torrent users (in case you're downloading copy-righted material).
Another more prosaic reason for occurrences of garbage data might be your router. Certain routers are known to have a particular firmware implementation which may lead to corrupt data, especially on BitTorrent downloads (which by definition use a huge number of simultaneous connections). A good indicator for this, is getting garbage data for all or most of your torrents.
Solutions
The only solution, so far, to this problem is to download an IP-blocking program (such as Peer Guardian: http://phoenixlabs.org).
Download and install the client, and when it comes to the screen of 'Updates' click on the check-boxes: Government, P2P, Ads. Then let PeerGuardian update its lists. Allow PeerGuardian to run every time your BitComet client is functioning. This may reduce, in some cases, the amount of garbage data you get, by refusing connections to some IPs known to interfere with P2P downloading.
A reminder to users: This program does not guarantee that you will receive nil rubbish data, or that you'll be “protected” from governmental agencies trying to obtain your IP address. A lot of users are under the general false idea that some programs are able to block all rubbish data or conceal them on the P2P networks; we can assure you that this is not true. The most that it can do is limit the amount of rubbish data being passed through to your torrent client.
However, whenever you use Peerguardian or Protowall alongside any P2P applications, be aware that if you configure it improperly, it may limit your download capability, especially for torrents that have peers in some of the ranges you might have chosen to block (such as educational institutions - university campuses).
<html><span style=color:darkblue;font-weight:bold>RECENT NOTE:</span></html> PeerGuardian's default lists don't seem to be updated (or even accessible, on a random basis) lately. You can instead activate the Bluetack lists which are provided with PeerGuardian as an alternative to the default lists of PeerGuardian. PG should update from them, its IP lists automatically.
Or as a more versatile workaround or alternative solution you can go to the Bluetack site and download their Blocklist Manager application which is a very versatile an complete solution for automatically downloading and combining their multiple lists which are frequently updated. Also a list of recommended IP-blocking applications (PeerGuardian included) you may find on their page: Best P2P IP Filtering Programs List. Any of those applications can use the up-to-date lists exported by Blocklist Manager, which offers the choice of converting/exporting its downloaded IP list array into over 20 different formats, so that it can fit most IP-blocking programs' formats, out there.
<html><span style=color:darkred;font-weight:bold>ATTENTION!</span></html> We DO NOT provide support for installing, configuring and using Blocklist Manager or any of the IP-blocking programs, so please, do not ask questions related to that into the BitComet forums. The BlocklistPro site provides, along with the application, extensive info covering the program's features and usage and their forum provides detailed guides, regarding the fine-grained configuration of the application. Therefore, please use those resources for clearing any questions you may have, regarding Blocklist Manager.
In order to verify if your router is the cause of your trouble, you should try and take the router out of the loop, if possible, or if the modem and router are integrated try to replace it for testing purpose. Then run your BitTorrent client for a while and check if you get the same average amount of garbage data (some rubbish data may still come for reasons described in paragraph 1).
Also you might try updating your router's firmware in order to see if that helps you get rid of the problem. If that doesn't cut it, you might consider changing your router.
原文：https://wiki.bitcomet.com/torrent_related#what_is_rubbish_data_and_why_am_i_downloading_so_much_of_it 什么是“垃圾数据”，为什么我要下载这么多垃圾数据？
垃圾数据或垃圾数据是一个术语，用于描述 BitTorrent 场景中未能通过哈希检查并因此被丢弃的下载片段。它们被视为垃圾，因为它们对下载客户端没有用，只会浪费带宽和时间。
可能原因
垃圾数据基本上是 peer 节点向 swarm 发送错误数据包引起的。无论是有意还是无意，这都不能轻易确定。这可能是由于对等节点连接不良、另一个对等节点和您之间的路径中的网络段不良/不可靠/拥塞，以及各种其他原因造成的，或者是由于反盗版组织使用修改后的客户端混入 torrent 群并故意发布不良数据，以阻碍 torrent 用户（如果您正在下载版权正确的材料）。
出现垃圾数据的另一个更平淡无奇的原因可能是您的路由器。已知某些路由器具有特定的固件实现，这可能会导致数据损坏，尤其是在 BitTorrent 下载时（根据定义，它使用大量同时连接）。一个很好的指标是获取所有或大部分种子的垃圾数据。
解决 方案
到目前为止，这个问题的唯一解决方案是下载一个 IP 阻止程序（例如 Peer Guardian： http://phoenixlabs.org）。
下载并安装客户端，当进入“更新”屏幕时，单击复选框：政府、P2P、广告。然后让 PeerGuardian 更新其列表。允许 PeerGuardian 在每次您的 BitComet 客户端运行时运行。在某些情况下，这可能会通过拒绝连接到某些已知会干扰 P2P 下载的 IP 来减少您获得的垃圾数据量。
提醒用户：此程序不保证您会收到零垃圾数据，也不保证您将“受到保护”，免受试图获取您的 IP 地址的政府机构的影响。许多用户普遍错误地认为某些程序能够阻止所有垃圾数据或将它们隐藏在 P2P 网络上;我们可以向您保证，这不是真的。它最多能做的就是限制传递到 torrent 客户端的垃圾数据量。
但是，每当您将 Peerguardian 或 Protowall 与任何 P2P 应用程序一起使用时，请注意，如果配置不当，可能会限制您的下载能力，尤其是对于在您可能选择阻止的某些范围内具有对等点的种子（例如教育机构 - 大学校园）。
<html><span style=color：darkblue;font-weight：bold>最近 NOTE：</span></html> PeerGuardian 的默认列表最近似乎没有更新（甚至没有随机访问）。相反，您可以激活 PeerGuardian 提供的 Bluetack 列表，作为 PeerGuardian 默认列表的替代方案。PG 应该从他们那里更新，它的 IP 列表会自动。
或者作为更通用的解决方法或替代解决方案，您可以访问 Bluetack 站点并下载他们的 Blocklist Manager 应用程序，这是一个非常通用的完整解决方案，用于自动下载和组合经常更新的多个列表。您还可以在他们的页面上找到推荐的 IP 阻止应用程序列表（包括 PeerGuardian）：最佳 P2P IP 过滤程序列表。这些应用程序中的任何一个都可以使用 Blocklist Manager 导出的最新列表，它提供了将其下载的 IP 列表数组转换/导出为 20 多种不同格式的选择，以便它可以适应大多数 IP 阻止程序的格式。
<html><span style=color：darkred;font-weight：bold>注意！</span></html> 我们不提供安装、配置和使用黑名单管理器或任何 IP 阻止程序的支持，因此请不要在 BitComet 论坛上提出与此相关的问题。BlocklistPro 网站与应用程序一起提供了有关程序功能和用法的广泛信息，他们的论坛提供了有关应用程序精细配置的详细指南。因此，请使用这些资源来清除您可能对 Blocklist Manager 提出的任何问题。
为了验证您的路由器是否是导致故障的原因，您应该尝试将路由器从环路中取出（如果可能），或者如果调制解调器和路由器已集成，请尝试更换它以进行测试。然后运行您的 BitTorrent 客户端一段时间，检查您是否获得了相同的平均垃圾数据量（由于第 1 段中描述的原因，一些垃圾数据可能仍然会出现）。
您也可以尝试更新路由器的固件，看看这是否可以帮助您解决问题。如果这还不能解决问题，您可以考虑更换路由器。
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